This study endeavours to scrutinize the interconnections among Total Quality Management (TQM) practices, decision-making culture and style, social control mechanisms, and firm profitability within the aviation sector of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the determinants impacting organizational performance and effectiveness specifically within the educational sector. A cohort comprising 189 employees from diverse departments across two airlines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia participated in this study, responding to meticulously crafted structured questionnaires. The measurement scales incorporated in the survey instruments were derived from precedent research endeavours and subjected to analysis utilizing the Stata SEM software for the application of structural equation modelling. Statistical methodologies, including confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis, were employed to scrutinize the intricate relationships existing between the variables under investigation. The examination disclosed noteworthy associations among TQM practices, decision-making culture and style, social control mechanisms, and firm profitability. Specifically, TQM exhibited a positive impact on decision-making culture and style, with social control mechanisms acting as moderators in the TQM-firm profitability relationship. Moreover, decision-making culture and style were identified as mediators in the association between TQM and firm profitability. This research investigates the impact of total quality management, decision-making, social control, and organizational performance on the Saudi airline industry. The findings underscore the importance of fostering a decision-making culture rooted in total quality management and implementing effective decision-making practices among employees. Additionally, social control mechanisms play a crucial role in moderating the dynamics of total quality management.